Introduction

1. Immigration Trends

By July 1, 2018, Manitoba was estimated to have more than 1.35 million people, an increase of 1.25% over 2017 representing about 3.4% of Canada's total population of approximately 37.0 million. In 2018, 15,230 permanent residents chose Manitoba as their immigration destination. This represents 4.7% of total immigration to Canada.

Table 1: Permanent Immigration to Manitoba in the Past Decade

Category	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Total
Sponsored Family	1,470	1,450	1,490	1,800	2,000	1,845	1,850	2,375	2,475	2,745	19,500
Skilled Workers	600	905	620	660	620	395	715	490	295	540	5,840
Provincial Nominee	10,155	12,180	12,355	9,540	8,870	12,195	10,260	9,960	9,430	9,895	104,840
Other Economic	155	200	190	145	130	270	270	240	330	435	2,365
Refugee	1,100	1,030	1,305	1,145	1,475	1,515	1,765	3,735	2,135	1,565	16,770
Other	50	50	20	45	50	30	35	25	35	50	390
Total	13,525	15,815	15,975	13,340	13,140	16,255	14,900	16,825	14,705	15,230	149,710

In 2018, Canada welcomed 321,055 new permanent residents, an increase of 12.1% over 2017. By immigration category, the largest groups were, family class (26.5%), skilled workers (22.2%), Provincial Nominees (19.4%) and other economic immigrants (16.4%).

Table 2: Immigration to Canada in the Past Decade

Category	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Total
Sponsored Family	71,980	65,550	61,330	69,870	83,375	67,645	65,485	78,000	82,470	85,170	730,875
Skilled Workers	95,985	119,380	88,760	91,415	83,225	67,575	70,135	65,610	47,415	71,235	800,735
Provincial Nominee	30,380	36,435	38,420	40,885	39,905	47,625	44,535	46,180	49,730	62,440	436,535
Other Economic	27,165	31,140	28,910	28,455	25,130	49,990	55,750	44,240	62,145	52,690	405,615
Refugee	22,835	24,670	27,880	23,085	24,005	23,460	31,615	58,550	41,120	45,495	322,715
Other	3,830	3,515	3,400	4,065	3,400	4,005	4,315	3,790	3,630	4,025	37,975
Total	252,170	280,695	248,705	257,775	259,040	260,305	271,835	296,370	286,510	321,055	2,734,460

2. Immigration Levels

Immigration to Canada increased 12.1% from 286,510 in 2017 to 321,055 in 2018.

Table 3: Canada Permanent Residents by Immigration Category

Immigration Category	2016		2017		2018
Sponsored Family	78,000	26.3%	82,470	28.8%	85,170	26.5%
Skilled Workers	65,610	22.1%	47,415	16.5%	71,235	22.2%
Other Economic	46,180	15.6%	49,730	17.4%	62,440	19.4%
Provincial Nominee**	44,240	14.9%	62,145	21.7%	52,690	16.4
Refugee	58,550	19.8%	41,120	14.4%	45,495	14.2%
Other*	3,790	1.3%	3,630	1.3%	4,025	1.3%
Total	296,370	100.0%	286,510	100.0%	321,055	100%
Difference from previous year	24,535	9.0%	-9,860	-3.3%	34,545	12.1%

Immigration by Province or Territory

In 2018, the top destinations for new permanent residents were Ontario, Quebec and British Columbia followed by Alberta and Manitoba. A number of provinces had a decrease in landings compared to the previous year including MB, SK, PEI, AB, QC.

Table 4: Permanent Residents by Province/Territory

Province/Territory	2016		2017		2018
Newfoundland and Labrador	1,190	0.4%	1,170	0.4%	1,530	0.5%
Prince Edward Island	2,315	0.8%	2,350	0.8%	2,135	0.7%
Nova Scotia	5,485	1.9%	4,515	1.6%	5,965	1.9%
New Brunswick	4,675	1.6%	3,650	1.3%	4,610	1.4%
Quebec	53,250	18.0%	52,405	18.3%	51,125	15.9%
Ontario	110,020	37.1%	111,955	39.1%	137,435	42.8%
Manitoba	16,825	5.7%	14,705	5.1%	15,230	4.7%
Saskatchewan	14,860	5.0%	14,680	5.1%	15,510	4.8%
Alberta	49,200	16.6%	42,095	14.7%	42,025	13.1%
British Columbia	38,075	12.8%	38,445	13.4%	44,870	14.0%
Northwest Territories	210	0.1%	225	0.1%	305	0.1%
Nunavut	185	0.1%	240	0.1%	280	0.1%
Yukon	35	0.0%	40	0.0%	30	0.0%
Not stated	55	0.0%	40	0.0%	10	0.0%
Total	296,370	100.0%	286,510	100.0%	321,055	100.0%

Admissions in 2018 with Manitoba as an intended destination decreased to 4.7% compared to 5.1% in 2017. This decrease represents the lowest proportionate intake since 2013. Manitoba saw a slight increase in PN landings (65%) proportionate to all other immigrant categories over the previous year (54.1%) and a decrease in refugee landings to 10.3% from 14.5% in 2017.

Table 5: Summary of Manitoba Permanent Residents by Immigration Category

Immigration Category	2016		2017		2018
Sponsored Family	2,375	14.1%	2,475	16.8%	2,745	18.0%
Skilled Workers	490	2.9%	295	2.0%	540	3.5%
Other Federal Economic	9,960	59.2%	9,430	64.1%	9,895	65.0%
Provincial Nominee**	240	1.4%	330	2.2%	435	2.9%
Refugee	3,735	22.2%	2,135	14.5%	1,565	10.3%
Other*	25	0.1%	35	0.2%	50	0.3%
Total	16,825	5.7%	14,705	5.1%	15,230	4.7%
Difference from previous year	1,925	12.9%	-2,120	-12.6%	525	3.6%

Immigration by City

Similar to the previous three years, Winnipeg continued to rank 6^th among Canadian cities as a destination for immigrants in 2018, following Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary, and Edmonton. Together, these cities attracted 72.4% of new permanent residents.

Table 6: Summary of Canada Permanent Residents by Census Metropolitan Area (CMA)

CMA	2016			2017			2018
	Number	Percentage	Rank	Number	Percentage	Rank	Number	Percentage	Rank
Toronto	81,460	27.5%	1	86,580	30.2%	1	106,460	33.2%	1
Montréal	44,350	15.0%	2	44,725	15.6%	2	43,795	13.6%	2
Vancouver	29,715	10.0%	3	29,830	10.4%	3	35,265	11.0%	3
Calgary	21,430	7.2%	4	17,880	6.2%	4	18,955	5.9%	4
Edmonton	17,885	6.0%	5	15,920	5.6%	5	15,735	4.9%	5
Winnipeg	14,070	4.7%	6	11,845	4.1%	6	12,120	3.8%	6
Ottawa – Gatineau	7,870	2.7%	7	7,470	2.6%	7	9,830	3.1%	7
Regina	4,995	1.7%	9	5,295	1.8%	9	6,035	1.9%	8
Saskatoon	5,750	1.9%	8	5,955	2.1%	8	5,800	1.8%	9
Halifax	4,570	1.5%	10	3,745	1.3%	10	5,005	1.6%	10
Total Top Ten	232,095	78.3%		229,245	80.0%		259,000	80.7%
Other	64,275	21.7%		57,265	20.0%		62,055	19.3%
Total	296,370	100.0%		286,510	100.0%		321,055	100.0%

3. Manitoba Permanent Residents

Between 2009 and 2018, more than 149,700 immigrants settled in Manitoba.

Table 7: Manitoba Permanent Residents by Immigration Category

Immigration Category	2016		2017		2018
Sponsored Family	Number	Percentage	Number	Percentage	Number	Percentage
Principal Applicant	1,960	11.6%	2,060	14.0%	2,295	15.1%
Spouse/Partner/Dependant	415	2.5%	420	2.9%	450	3.0%
Sponsored Family Subtotal	2,375	14.1%	2,475	16.8%	2,745	18.0%
Economic Class
Business	10	0.1%	--	--	15	0.0%
Canadian Experience Class - PA	60	0.4%	160	1.1%	270	1.8%
Canadian Experience Class - SD	60	0.4%	75	0.5%	100	0.7%
Caregiver Class - PA	45	0.3%	20	0.1%	20	0.1%
Caregiver Class - SD	50	0.3%	55	0.4%	30	0.2%
Provincial/Territorial Nominees - PA	4,110	24.4%	3,900	26.5%	4,195	27.5%
Provincial/Territorial Nominees - SD	5,845	34.7%	5,530	37.6%	5,695	37.4%
Skilled Trades	20	0.0%	20	0.1%	0	0.0%
Skilled Workers - PA	310	1.8%	330	2.2%	550	3.6%
Skilled Workers - SD	410	2.4%	300	2.0%	415	2.7%
Economic Class Subtotal	10,690	63.5%	10,060	68.4%	10,870	71.4%
Refugees
Government-Assisted Refugees	1,270	7.5%	605	4.1%	445	2.9%
Privately Sponsored Refugees	2,075	12.3%	1,365	9.3%	935	6.1%
Blended Sponsorship Refugees	320	1.9%	90	0.6%	70	0.5%
Protected Persons in Canada & Dependents	70	0.4%	80	0.5%	120	0.8%
Refugee Subtotal	3,735	22.2%	2,135	14.5%	1,565	10.3%
Other Immigrants	25	0.1%	35	0.2%	50	0.3%
Total	16,825	100.0%	14,705	100.0%	15,230	100.0%

The Manitoba Provincial Nominee Program (MPNP) continues to be the main tool for bringing skilled economic immigrants to meet Manitoba's labour and economic development needs. On an annual basis the MPNP nominates skilled workers, international students, and business investors who are best suited to contribute to Manitoba's economy.

Between 2009 and 2018, the MPNP landings contributed 65% of all immigrants to Manitoba, and approximately 92.7% of all economic immigrants to the province. In 2018, Manitoba's Provincial Nominees accounted for 91.0% of all economic immigrants (9,895) while 9.0% arrived under other economic categories (975).

In the last decade, roughly 21% of Provincial Nominees settled outside of the Winnipeg municipality, compared to 13.3% from all other immigrant classes.

Manitoba continues to establish partnerships with employers to receive the largest share of Provincial Nominees across Canada over a ten-year period. In 2018, Manitoba received roughly 15.8% of all Provincial Nominees to Canada, fourth highest after Ontario, Saskatchewan, British Columbia, and Alberta.

Manitoba continues to work with the federal government, employers, and communities to attract and retain immigrants. Manitoba Provincial Nominees who landed between 2012 and 2016, and filed taxes in 2016, have a retention rate of 88.7% (IMDB 2016).

Sponsored Family

Eligible Canadian citizens and permanent residents living in Canada can sponsor their family members, spouses and dependents and grandparents to come to Canada. In 2018, Manitoba received 2,745 permanent residents or 18.0% of all landings through the Sponsored Family category. The top source countries accounting for 62% of this category include India, Philippines, China and the United States.

Refugees

Refugees from all over the world settle in communities throughout Manitoba. Various groups and service provider organizations throughout the province support newly arrived refugees as well as continue to support those who arrived within the past few years.

In 2018, Manitoba resettled 1,565 refugees and protected persons, just over 3.4% of all refugees and protected persons to Canada including close to 5.5% of Canada's government-assisted refugees (445) and 5.0% of privately sponsored refugees (935). Of all resettled refugees in Manitoba, close to 27.8% are from Eritrea, while the remaining 72.2% are from Syria, Somalia, Iraq, Democratic Republic of Congo, and Ethiopia. Refugees and protected persons represent 10.3% of all new permanent residents to Manitoba in 2018.

Table 8: Resettled Refugees Admitted to Manitoba by Country of Citizenship, 2016 to 2018

Country of Citizenship	Number	Percentage
Eritrea	2,540	35.4%
Syria	1,875	26.2%
Somalia, Democratic Republic of	845	11.8%
Ethiopia	505	7.0%
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	410	5.7%
Iraq	400	5.6%
Afghanistan	130	1.8%
Sudan, Democratic Republic of	75	1.0%
Myanmar (Burma)	50	0.7%
Other	340	4.7%
Total	7,170	100.0%

In 2018, the provincial Interdepartmental Asylum Seeker Planning Team helped to manage the intake and flow of approximately 620 asylum seekers, a combination of irregular migrants and inland claimants as well as secondary migrants from other jurisdictions. Refugee claims in Manitoba dropped 42.9% in 2018 from 1,085 in 2017.

4. Destination

Regional Destination (Economic Region)

Immigration continues to benefit regional communities. Between 2009 and 2018, approximately 117,585 immigrants settled in the Winnipeg Economic Region, while more than 28,060 immigrants have settled in other economic regions outside of Winnipeg. In 2018, 21% of newcomers chose to live outside of Winnipeg (3,200) and all economic regions of the province saw increases in immigration compared to 2017 with the exception of North, Interlake and North Central.

Table 9: Manitoba Permanent Residents by Intended Destination

Economic Region	2016			2017			2018
	Number	Percentage	Rank	Number	Percentage	Rank	Number	Percentage	Rank
Winnipeg	14,015	83.3%	1	11,785	80.1%	1	12,030	79.0%	1
Southwest	1,080	6.4%	2	1,160	7.9%	2	1,285	8.4%	2
South Central	720	4.3%	3	560	3.8%	3	705	4.6%	3
Southeast	395	2.3%	4	435	3.0%	4	500	3.3%	4
North	210	1.2%	5	330	2.2%	5	310	2.0%	5
Parklands	170	1.0%	6	145	1.0%	7	155	1.0%	6
Interlake	100	0.6%	8	150	1.0%	6	135	0.9%	7
North Central	115	0.7%	7	130	0.9%	8	105	0.7%	8
Not found	15	0.1%		5	0.0%		--	--
Total	16,825	100.0%		14,705	100.0%		15,230	100.0%

Community Destination (Municipality)

Since 2009, approximately 121,590 immigrants settled in the City of Winnipeg compared to approximately 28,115 who chose more than 130 regional communities as their destination within Manitoba. During this period, top regional destinations included Brandon (7,535), Winkler (2,925), Neepawa (2,795), Steinbach (2,465), and Thompson (1,645).

In 2018, 3,205 new permanent residents chose regional communities outside of Winnipeg, a 9.4% increase from 2017 (2,930). The top immigrant source countries to regional communities in 2018 include Philippines (895), India (645), Nigeria (210), Germany (185), and Ukraine (160).

Table 10: Manitoba Permanent Residents by Intended Destination (Top Ten)

Municipality	2016			2017			2018
	Number	Percentage	Rank	Number	Percentage	Rank	Number	Percentage	Rank
Winnipeg	14,010	83.3%	1	11,775	80.1%	1	12,020	78.9%	1
Brandon	635	3.8%	2	645	4.4%	2	705	4.6%	2
Neepawa	255	1.5%	4	375	2.6%	3	430	2.8%	3
Morden	300	1.8%	3	210	1.4%	6	250	1.6%	4
Thompson	150	0.9%	7	255	1.7%	4	230	1.5%	5
Steinbach	215	1.3%	6	255	1.7%	4	225	1.5%	6
Winkler	255	1.5%	4	180	1.2%	7	210	1.4%	7
Altona	50	0.3%	9	--	--		80	0.5%	8
Portage la Prairie	105	0.6%	8	100	0.7%	8	80	0.5%	8
Russell	50	0.3%	9	--	--		50	0.3%	10
Dauphin	50	0.3%	9	50	0.3%	9
Killarney	50	0.3%	9	--	--
The Pas	50	0.3%	9	50	0.3%	9
Total Top Ten	16,175	96.1%		13,845	94.2%		14,280	93.8%
Other Municipalities	650	3.9%		860	5.8%		950	6.2%
Total	16,825	100.0%		14,705	100.0%		15,230	100.0%

5. Source Country

In 2018, India, Philippines, Nigeria, China and Eritrea ranked among the top five source countries for immigrants to Manitoba, representing 61.7% of all immigrants.

Table 11: Manitoba Permanent Residents by Country of Citizenship (Top Ten)

Country of Citizenship	2016			2017			2018
	Number	Percentage	Rank	Number	Percentage	Rank	Number	Percentage	Rank
India	2,995	17.8%	2	3,465	23.6%	1	3,765	24.7%	1
Philippines	3,605	21.4%	1	3,110	21.1%	2	2,370	15.6%	2
Nigeria	525	3.1%	7	625	4.3%	5	1,475	9.7%	3
China, People's Republic of	1,025	6.1%	5	1,165	7.9%	3	1,300	8.5%	4
Eritrea	1,420	8.4%	3	810	5.5%	4	480	3.2%	5
Ukraine	460	2.7%	8	--	--		330	2.2%	6
Pakistan	400	2.4%	9	370	2.5%	7	325	2.1%	7
Korea	--	--		--	--		325	2.1%	7
Israel	640	3.8%	6	415	2.8%	6	320	2.1%	8
Syria	1,245	7.4%	4	350	2.4%	8	315	2.1%	9
Somalia, Democratic Republic of	365	2.2%	10	295	2.0%	9	275	1.8%	10
Ethiopia	--	--		275	1.9%	10	--	--
Total Top Ten	12,680	75.4%		10,880	74.0%		11,280	74.1%
Other Countries	16,825	100.0%		14,705	100.0%		15,230	100.0%
Total	16,825	100.0%		14,705	100.0%		15,230	100.0%

In 2018, 57.1% of Manitoba's new permanent residents arrived from Asia and Pacific regions, followed by Africa and the Middle East (28.2%), Europe (7.8%), South and Central America (5.0%) and the United States (1.8%).

Table 12: Manitoba Permanent Residents by World Region, 2016 to 2018

World Region	2016	2017	2018
Asia & Pacific	8,825	8,855	8,700
Africa & Middle East	5,520	3,845	4,300
Canada	--	--	--
Europe	1,675	1,080	1,185
Americas	605	670	760
United States of America	195	245	275
Stateless & Not Stated	5	15	5
Total	16,825	14,705	15,230

6. Demographics

Age-Gender Structure

Newcomers are important contributors to Manitoba's population growth and to the rejuvenation of the labour force. In 2018, the immigrant median age was 28.5 years while the median age of Manitobans was 38.3 years (Census 2016). Male and female numbers were roughly equal.

7. Official Languages

Table 13: Manitoba Permanent Residents by Mother Tongue (Top Ten)

Mother Tongue	2016			2017			2018
	Number	Percentage	Rank	Number	Percentage	Rank	Number	Percentage	Rank
Punjabi	2,055	12.2%	2	2,360	16.0%	2	2,640	17.3%	1
Tagalog	3,060	18.2%	1	2,675	18.2%	1	1,960	12.9%	2
Chinese	1,085	6.4%	5	1,225	8.3%	3	1,425	9.4%	3
English	780	4.6%	7	720	4.9%	4	890	5.8%	4
Yoruba	--	--		405	2.8%	9	845	5.5%	5
Arabic	1,490	8.9%	3	625	4.3%	6	665	4.4%	6
Gujarati	515	3.1%	8	610	4.1%	7	570	3.7%	7
Russian	1,060	6.3%	6	595	4.0%	8	515	3.4%	8
Tigrinya	1,100	6.5%	4	630	4.3%	5	375	2.5%	9
German	--	--		--	--		330	2.2%	10
Hindi	--	--		--	--		330	2.2%	10
Urdu	350	2.1%	10	330	2.2%	10
Somali	380	2.3%	9	--	--
Total Top Ten	11,875	70.6%		10,175	69.2%		10,545	69.2%
Other Languages	4,950	29.4%		4,530	30.8%		4,685	30.8%
Total	16,825	100.0%		14,705	100.0%		15,230	100.0%

Official Language Spoken

In 2018, the percentage of Manitoba's immigrants who identified English as an official language spoken continued increasing to 77.4% from 64% in 2010.

In 2018, Manitoba welcomed 395 immigrants who identified French as their official language spoken, representing 2.6% of all immigrants to Manitoba. From 2009 to 2018, over 4,330 immigrants have arrived in Manitoba with the ability to speak French.

The top 10 source countries for all immigrants who identified French, as well as both French and English, as their official language spoken were Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), France, Morocco, Mauritius, Philippines, Algeria Cameroon, Senegal, Burundi, and India.

Manitoba supports the Manitoba francophone community's goal of increasing francophone immigration. In 2018, 3% of all MPNP nominations were francophone and approximately 77% of all French-speaking immigrants came through the MPNP.

Table 14: Manitoba Permanent Residents by Official Language Spoken

Official Language	2016	2017	2018
English	11,530	10,820	11,795
French	175	150	110
Both French and English	340	305	285
Neither	4,255	3,055	2,575
Not stated	530	375	465
Total	16,825	14,705	15,230

8. Education, Occupation, and Skill Level

To ensure that immigrants can contribute their skills and experience to Manitoba's economy, the Province is renewing the MPNP to strengthen partnerships with industry and post-secondary institutions. In addition, the Province continues to invest in successful employment programs like Manitoba Start which also provides guidance to professionals needing to have their international qualifications recognized. In 2018, more than 54.0% of permanent residents aged 25 and older have a bachelor's degree or higher.

Table 15: Manitoba Permanent Residents by Level of Education (Aged 25 Years and Over)

Level of Education	2016		2017		2018
Secondary or Less	2,220	21.5%	1,790	19.2%	1,635	16.5%
Formal Trade Cert. or Apprenticeship	640	6.2%	620	6.6%	660	6.7%
Non-University Certificate or Diploma	670	6.5%	675	7.2%	700	7.1%
Some University – No Degree	550	5.3%	515	5.5%	555	5.6%
Bachelor's Degree	3,945	38.2%	3,460	37.0%	3,590	36.3%
Some Post-Grad. Education – No Degree	220	2.1%	210	2.2%	205	2.1%
Master's Degree	1,310	12.7%	1,255	13.4%	1,450	14.7%
Doctorate	85	0.8%	95	1.0%	95	1.0%
Not Stated	680	6.6%	715	7.7%	995	10.1%
Total	10,330	100%	9,340	100%	9,890	100%

Occupation

The Manitoba Provincial Nominee Program selects people whose participation enhances Manitoba's economic development with specialized skills needed in the changing labour market. Cooks, food counter attendants, transport truck drivers, registered nurses and industrial butchers and meat cutters were among the top occupations of economic immigrants (principal applicants only) to Manitoba in 2018.

Table 16: Manitoba Economic Permanent Residents by Skill Level

Skill Level	Number	Percentage
0 – Managerial	690	14.5%
A – Professionals	1,100	23.2%
B – Skilled and Technical	1,485	31.3%
C – Intermediate and Clerical	1,155	24.3%
D – Elemental and Labourers	285	6.0%
Intending to work*	35	0.7%
Not intending to work*	--	--
Total	4,750	100.0%

Skill Type Category

Based on the National Occupation Classification System, in 2018, 68.9% of principal applicants under the economic category were considered highly skilled (NOC 0, A and B) and had previous occupations in:

• Sales and service
• Business, finance and administration
• Natural and applied sciences and related occupations
• Management Occupations
• Trades, Transport and Equipment Operators and Related Occupations
• Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services

Table 17: Manitoba Economic Permanent Residents by Skill Type

Principal Applicants Only	2016		2017		2018
Skill Type Category	Number	Percentage	Number	Percentage	Number	Percentage
0 – Management Occupations	545	12.3%	425	10.0%	460	9.7%
1 – Business, Finance and Administration Occupations	755	17.1%	760	18.0%	765	16.1%
2 – Natural and Applied Sciences and Related Occupations	630	14.2%	605	14.3%	650	13.7%
3 – Health Occupations	400	9.0%	330	7.8%	310	6.5%
4 – Occupations in Education, Law and Social, Community and Government	320	7.2%	325	7.7%	430	9.1%
5 – Occupations in Art, Culture, Recreation and Sport	45	1.0%	50	1.2%	50	1.1%
6 – Sales and Service Occupations	770	17.4%	800	18.9%	1,050	22.1%
7 – Trades, Transport and Equipment Operators and Related Occupations	445	10.1%	445	10.5%	435	9.2%
8 – Natural Resources, Agriculture and Related Production Occupations	80	1.8%	70	1.7%	75	1.6%
9 – Occupations in Manufacturing and Utilities	210	4.7%	200	4.7%	255	5.4%
Other*	220	5.0%	215	5.1%	265	5.6%
Not stated	--	--	0	--	--	--
Total	4,425	100.0%	4,230	100.0%	4,750	100.0%

9. Temporary Workers and International Students

In Manitoba, temporary residents who have worked for more than six months, or have graduated from a post-secondary program in the province, have the opportunity to apply to the MPNP and become permanent residents. In 2018, Manitoba received 8,035 temporary workers through the federal International Mobility Program and 1,170 through the Temporary Foreign Worker Program (with a Labour Market Impact Assessment).

• The total unique count may not equal to the sum of permit holders in each program as an individual may hold more than one type of permit over a given period.
• The table on Temporary Residents (TR) has been revised to reflect the June 20, 2014 overhaul of the Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP). The reporting methodology has also been revised to count TRs, which includes Foreign Workers and International Students, based on the type of permit held by a TR (effective from the date that the permit was signed, or a valid permit at the end of a given year). As a result of the changes above, the reports for each permit holder type has been separated in order to enhance clarity.

Table 18: Manitoba Work Permit Holders by Program and Year in which Permit(s) Became Effective*

	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018
Temporary Foreign Worker Program Work Permit Holders	1,710	1,320	1,345	1,860	1,795	1,380	885	870	765	1,170
International Mobility Program Work Permit Holders	3,415	3,710	3,875	4,025	4,720	5,035	5,055	6,690	7,185	8,035

Table 19: Manitoba Temporary Foreign Worker Program Work Permit Holders by Intended Destination and Year in which Permit(s) Became Effective*

Census Metropolitan Area	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018
Brandon	255	100	190	315	245	220	180	140	135	130
Winnipeg	960	825	730	820	855	520	255	270	250	280
Other	500	400	430	730	700	645	455	460	380	760
Total Unique TFW Work Permit Holders	1,710	1,320	1,345	1,860	1,795	1,380	885	870	765	1,170

Table 20: Manitoba International Mobility Program Work Permit Holders by Intended Destination and Year in which Permit(s) Became Effective*

Census Metropolitan Area	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018
Brandon	370	370	230	170	195	265	195	185	245	245
Winnipeg	2,370	2,560	2,755	3,000	3,365	3,255	3,540	5,095	5,430	6,240
Other	685	790	895	860	1,205	1,570	1,345	1,440	1,545	1,575
Total Unique IMP Work Permit Holders	3,415	3,710	3,875	4,025	4,720	5,035	5,055	6,690	7,185	8,035

International Students

In 2018, the number of foreign student's entries to Manitoba was 11,670. Most international students (95.8%) enrolled in educational institutions in Winnipeg. The top source countries to Manitoba were India (24.4%), China (22.9%), Nigeria (8.0%) and Bangladesh (6.7%).

Table 21: Manitoba International Student Study Permit Holders by Intended Destination and Year in which Permit(s) Became Effective*

Census Metropolitan Area	2009	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018
Brandon	135	130	145	150	175	160	240	290	410	495
Winnipeg	3,115	3,095	3,980	4,450	5,235	5,650	6,365	7,955	9,670	11,185
Other	340	315	395	375	320	345	325	335	395	350
Total Unique Study Permit Holders	3,245	3,225	4,125	4,605	5,405	5,810	6,605	8,245	10,075	11,670

Table 22: Manitoba International Student Study Work Permit Holders by Country of Citizenship and Year in which Permit Became Effective

Country of Citizenship	2016			2017			2018
	Number	Percentage	Rank	Number	Percentage	Rank	Number	Percentage	Rank
India	1,140	13.3%	2	1,990	19.0%	2	2,935	24.4%	1
China, People's Republic of	2,390	27.9%	1	2,595	24.8%	1	2,750	22.9%	2
Nigeria	825	9.6%	3	900	8.6%	3	965	8.0%	3
Bangladesh	250	2.9%	8	480	4.6%	4	800	6.7%	4
Vietnam, Socialist Republic of	285	3.3%	7	900	8.6%	5	500	4.2%	5
Brazil	385	4.5%	4	480	4.6%	6	405	3.4%	6
Korea, Republic of	355	4.1%	5	425	4.1%	7	340	2.8%	7
Pakistan	340	4.0%	6	260	2.5%	8	235	2.0%	8
United States of America	--	--		195	1.9%	9	190	1.6%	9
Kenya	155	1.8%	10				165	1.4%	10
Iran	--	--		155	1.5%	10
Japan	165	1.9%	9
Total Top Ten	6,290	73.4%		8,380	80.1%		9,285	77.3%
Other Countries of Citizenship	2,285	26.6%		2,085	19.9%		2,730	22.7%
Total	8,575	100.0%		10,465	100.0%		12,015	100.0%

Table 23: Manitoba International Student Study Work Permit Holders by Country of Citizenship at Year End*

Country of Citizenship	31-Dec-2016			31-Dec-2017			31-Dec-2018
	Number	Percentage	Rank	Number	Percentage	Rank	Number	Percentage	Rank
China, People's Republic of	4,330	31.4%	1	4,410	26.8%	1	4,245	22.7%	1
India	1,510	11.0%	2	2,540	15.4%	2	4,090	21.9%	2
Nigeria	1,500	10.9%	3	1,695	10.3%	3	1,815	9.7%	3
Bangladesh	365	2.6%	8	640	3.9%	5	1,045	5.6%	4
Vietnam, Socialist Republic of	400	2.9%	7	710	4.3%	4	895	4.8%	5
Brazil	525	3.8%	4	635	3.9%	6	605	3.2%	6
Korea, Republic of	490	3.6%	6	580	3.5%	7	525	2.8%	7
Pakistan	525	3.8%	4	505	3.1%	8	455	2.4%	8
United States of America	295	2.1%	9	365	2.2%	9	375	2.0%	9
Kenya	225	1.6%	10	--	--		305	1.6%	10
Iran	--	--		270	1.6%	10
Total Top Ten	10,165	73.8%		12,350	75.1%		14,355	76.8%
Other Countries of Citizenship	3,615	26.2%		4,095	24.9%		4,325	23.2%
Total	13,780	100.0%		16,445	100.0%		18,680	100.0%